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Lê Nguyễn Hà Linh đang tìm kiếm từ khóa Organisms learn about the consequences of behavior through được Cập Nhật vào lúc : 2022-09-30 04:00:16 . Với phương châm chia sẻ Bí kíp về trong nội dung bài viết một cách Chi Tiết 2022. Nếu sau khi tham khảo nội dung bài viết vẫn ko hiểu thì hoàn toàn có thể lại phản hồi ở cuối bài để Tác giả lý giải và hướng dẫn lại nha.focusNode
Nội dung chính- How do organisms learn about the consequences of behavior?What is learning from the consequences of behavior called?When an organism learns the association between a behavior and a consequence?Who said Behaviour is learned through consequences?
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TermDefinition 1. _____ is a systematic, relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs through experience. Learning 2. _____ is a theory of learning that focuses solely on observable behaviors, discounting the importance of such mental activity as thinking, wishing, and hoping. Behaviorism 3. Which of the following is true with regard to the principles of behaviorism? Understanding the causes of behavior required looking the environmental impact. 4. In classical conditioning, organisms learn the association between two _____. Stimuli 5. Organisms learn about the consequences of behavior through _____. Operant Conditioning 6. Classical and operant conditioning involve learning through _____, whereas observational learning involves learning through _____. Association/observation and imitation 7. Organisms learn the association between two stimuli through _____ whereas organisms learn the association between a behavior and a consequence through _____. Classical Conditioning: operant conditioning 8. Pavlov's dog automatically salivated to food because food is a (n) _____. Unconditioned Stimulus 99. Dr. Meyer is known for his difficult pop quizzes. Immediately before he springs a pop quiz on his students, he typically goes to the classroom door and closes it. Students soon learn to anticipate a pop quiz whenever Dr. Meyer closes the classroom doo Conditioned Stimulus 10. You feel fine the picnic until a spider very similar to the one that bit you last year and made you sick starts to walk onto your picnic blanket. This reaction is most likely a (n) _____. Conditioned Response 11. What is an example of an unconditioned response? Sneezing in response to sniffing pepper 12. According to Thorndike's law of effect _____. Behaviors followed by desirable outcomes are strengthend and behaviors followed by undesirable outcomes are weakened 13. The process by which a stimulus or sự kiện following a particular behavior increases the probability that the behavior will happen again is called _____. reinforcement 14. The presentation of a stimulus following a given behavior in order to increase the frequency of that behavior is called _____. positive reinforcement 15. The removal of a stimulus following a given behavior in order to increase the frequency of that behavior is called _____. Negative punishment 16. Todd is scolded each time he bullies his little brother by taking away his toys. His mother notices that the frequency of bullying has decreased. Scolding Todd is an example of _____. Positive punishment 17. Larry is grounded each time he hits his little brother. After a few times of being grounded, Larry's misbehavior toward his little brother decreases. Grounding Larry is an example of _____. Negative punishment 18. According to Bandura's model of observational learning, what are the four primary processes involved in observational learning? Attention, retention, motor reproduction, reinforcement 19. _____ involves retaining information over time. Memory 20. Attention, deep processing, elaboration, and the use of mental imagery are _____ processes. encoding 21. _____ is the ability to maintain attention to a selected stimulus for a prolonged period of time. Sustained attention 22. _____ refers to the formation of a number of different connections around a stimulus any given level of memory encoding. Elaboration 23. According to _____, memory for pictures is better than memory for words because pictures, least those that can be named, are stored as both image codes and verbal codes. the dual-code hypothesis 24. _____ states that memory storage involves three separate systems: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. Atkinson-Shiffrin Theory 25. Which of the following memory systems has a time frame of up to 30 seconds? Short-term memory 26. Information can last up to a lifetime in _____. long-term memory 27. Sensory memory _____. holds information acquired through our senses for a brief amount of time. 28. When you are asked to recall your first day of kindergarten, you rely on _____, whereas when you are asked to recall the name of a person you just met a few seconds ago, you rely on _____. long-term/short-tem 29. _____ refers to auditory sensory memory, whereas _____ refers to visual sensory memory. Echoic memory/iconic memory 30. Chunking involves _____. reorganizing information that exceeds the 7 plus or minus 2 rule into smaller meaningful units 31. Shannon is an excellent student. She rewrites her class notes after each class. Rewriting her notes is a form of _____. Rehearsal 32. Which of the following can be further subdivided into episodic and semantic memory? Explicit 33. A person's knowledge about the world is known as _____ memory. Semantic 34. Jillian was in a car accident and sustained a serious head trauma. Since the surgery, she has forgotten her name, career, and other vital information about herself. Yet, she is still able to talk, know what words mean, and have general knowledge abo episodic memory/semantic memory 35. People very quickly adapt to the procedures and behaviors appropriate a birthday party. General knowledge of what to expect and how to behave a birthday is called a(n)_____. Script 36. Retrieval is the process of _____. bringing information to min whenever needed 37. The _____ is the tendency to recall the items the beginning and end of a list more readily than those in the middle. serial position effect 38. Having a better memory for items the beginning of a list demonstrates the _____, whereas having a better memory for items the end of a list demonstrates the _____. primacy effect/recency effect 39. Multiple choice exams involve testing a student's _____ abilities, whereas essay exams involve testing _____ abilities. recognition/recall 40. Motivated forgetting and repressed memories are usually associated with what type of memories? Traumatic Memories 41. Janel was sexually abused by her uncle when she was 5 years old. This experience was so devastating and traumatic that she removed the memory from her conscious awareness. This is an example of a(n) _____. A. implicit memory repressed memory 42. The type of effortful retrieval associated with a person's feeling that he or she knows something (say, a word or a name) but cannot quite pull it out of memory is known as _____. tip-of-the-tongue phenomenonHow do organisms learn about the consequences of behavior?
In operant conditioning, organisms learn, again, to associate events—a behavior and its consequence (reinforcement or punishment). A pleasant consequence encourages more of that behavior in the future, whereas a punishment deters the behavior.What is learning from the consequences of behavior called?
Operant conditioning involves learning through the consequences of behavior. Presenting the subject with something that it likes. e.g., Skinner rewarded his rats with food pellets. Reward – in the sense of removing or avoiding some aversive (painful) stimulus.When an organism learns the association between a behavior and a consequence?
Operant conditioning: Organisms learn the association between a behavior and a consequence, such as a reward. As a result of this association, organisms learn to increase behaviors that are followed by rewards and to decrease behaviors that are followed by punishment.Who said Behaviour is learned through consequences?
Behaviorist B.F. Skinner described operant conditioning as the process in which learning can occur through reinforcement and punishment. 9 More specifically: By forming an association between a certain behavior and the consequences of that behavior, you learn.
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